Rabu, 08 Agustus 2012

Membuat Foto Efek Infra Merah menggunakan Adobe Photoshop


09 May 2012 09:26 PM
Ditulis oleh Steve Patterson. Dalam tutorial Efek Photoshop, kita akan belajar bagaimana untuk mensimulasikan tampilan fotografi inframerah di Photoshop. Kami akan mengambil melihat palet Channels Photoshop dan melihat bagaimana mengisolasi saluran warna serta bagaimana menerapkan filter ke saluran warna, kita akan menggunakan penyesuaian lapisan, khususnya lapisan Channel Mixer penyesuaian untuk menyesuaikan berapa banyak dampak setiap saluran individu telah pada gambar, kita akan menggunakan modus campuran lapisan beberapa yang berbeda, menambahkan beberapa kebisingan, dan pada akhirnya, melihat bagaimana membawa beberapa warna dari gambar asli kembali ke efek.

Istilah "inframerah" secara harafiah berarti "di bawah merah", dan tanpa masuk ke teori ilmu pengetahuan atau warna, itu berarti kita sebagai manusia tidak bisa melihatnya. Namun meskipun Anda dan saya tidak dapat melihat cahaya inframerah, kamera digital yang paling bisa, dan dengan penggunaan filter lensa inframerah, fotografi inframerah dapat membawa cahaya dalam kisaran terlihat kami, menangkap dan menciptakan gambar yang memiliki benar-benar unik, misterius dunia lain dan melihat ke mereka. Untungnya, tampilan yang sama dapat dibuat dengan mudah di Photoshop, seperti akan kita lihat pada tutorial ini.

Karena objek yang berbeda di dunia mencerminkan jumlah yang berbeda dari cahaya inframerah, hasil yang Anda dapatkan dengan efek ini akan tergantung banyak pada jenis foto Anda menggunakannya dengan. Adegan di luar ruang dengan banyak pohon hijau dan foilage cenderung bekerja terbaik, dan itulah yang saya akan menggunakan untuk tutorial ini, namun mencobanya dengan jenis lain dari foto juga untuk melihat apa yang Anda dapatkan.
Berikut adalah gambar asli saya akan menggunakan untuk tutorial ini:
The original image
And here's the finished effect:
The final result Let's get started!

Step 1: Duplicate The Background Layer

Dengan foto yang terbuka di Photoshop, saya saat ini memiliki satu lapisan dalam palet Layers saya, layer "Background", yang berisi gambar asli saya:
The Background layer in Photoshop's Layers palette Photoshop Layers palet menampilkan layer Background yang berisi gambar asli saya.

Hal pertama yang harus saya lakukan dalam menciptakan efek ini adalah dengan menduplikasi layer ini, dan aku akan melakukannya dengan cara pintas keyboard, Ctrl + J (Win) / Command + J (Mac), yang menceritakan Photoshop untuk memberi saya salinan dari lapisan langsung di atasnya:
Photoshop's Layers palette now showing the copy of my Background layer directly above it Layers palet Photoshop sekarang menunjukkan salinan layer Background saya langsung di atasnya, yang memiliki nama "Layer 1".

Photoshop secara otomatis memberi nama layer "Layer 1", yang memberitahu saya apa-apa, jadi aku akan dua kali klik langsung pada nama layer dan rename menjadi "inframerah":
Renaming 'Layer 1' to 'infrared'
Double-click on the name "Layer 1" and change it to "infrared".

Step 2: Select The Green Channel In The Channels Palette

Go to your Channels palette (it's grouped in beside the Layers palette) and click on the Green channel to select it:
Photoshop's Channels palette
Click on the Green channel in the Channels palette to select it.
This will turn your image temporarily black and white:
The image showing only the green color information
The image turns black and white temporarily.
If you don't understand yet how channels in Photoshop work, it may seem odd that when you selected the green color channel in the Channels palette, the image turned black and white instead of, well, green. We won't get into the details here of how channels work, since that would take an entire tutorial on its own, but what you're seeing here is in fact the green color information in the image, not as you and I see it but as Photoshop sees it, since Photoshop sees everything as either black, white, or some shade of gray in between. If that makes little sense to you, don't worry, you don't need to understand it to create this effect. Simply knowing to click on the green channel in the Channels palette to select it is enough.
We're going to blur this green channel next.
Jika Anda tidak mengerti belum bagaimana saluran dalam kerja Photoshop, mungkin tampaknya aneh bahwa ketika Anda memilih channel warna hijau di palet Channels, gambar menjadi hitam dan putih bukan, baik, hijau. Kami tidak akan masuk ke dalam rincian di sini tentang bagaimana saluran bekerja, karena itu akan mengambil seluruh tutorial sendiri, tetapi apa yang Anda lihat di sini sebenarnya adalah informasi warna hijau pada gambar, tidak seperti yang Anda dan saya melihatnya tetapi sebagai Photoshop melihatnya, karena Photoshop melihat segala sesuatu sebagai baik warna hitam, putih, atau abu-abu di antaranya. Jika yang masuk akal bagi Anda, jangan khawatir, Anda tidak perlu memahami untuk membuat efek ini. Hanya mengetahui untuk mengklik saluran hijau di palet Channels untuk memilihnya sudah cukup.

Kita akan mengaburkan saluran ini hijau berikutnya.

Step 3: Apply The Gaussian Blur Filter To The Green Channel

With the Green channel selected in the Channels palette, go up to the Filter menu at the top of the screen, select Blur, and then select Gaussian Blur to bring up Photoshop's Gaussian Blur dialog box:
Photoshop's Gaussian Blur dialog box
Go to Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur to bring up the Gaussian Blur dialog box.
Drag the slider bar at the bottom of the Gaussian Blur dialog box left or right to increase or decrease the amount of blur you'll be applying. I'm using a low-resolution image for this tutorial since it's for the web, and for me, a Radius value of about 4.5 pixels gives me a nice soft blur effect. Your image will most likely be much higher resolution, especially if it came from a fairly recent digital camera, so you'll need to use a higher Radius value. Add a good amount of blurring while still being able to make out the basic details of the image, as I've done here:
Tarik slider bar di bagian bawah kotak dialog Gaussian Blur kiri atau kanan untuk menambah atau mengurangi jumlah blur Anda akan menerapkan. Saya menggunakan gambar resolusi rendah untuk tutorial ini karena ini untuk web, dan bagi saya, nilai Radius sekitar 4,5 piksel memberi saya efek blur bagus lembut. Gambar Anda kemungkinan besar akan resolusi lebih tinggi, terutama jika itu datang dari kamera digital yang lumayan baru, sehingga Anda harus menggunakan nilai Radius yang lebih tinggi. Tambahkan baik jumlah kabur sementara masih bisa untuk melihat rincian dasar dari gambar, seperti yang telah saya lakukan di sini:
The image with Gaussian Blur applied to the Green channel.
The image after applying Gaussian Blur to the Green channel.
Click OK when you're done to exit out of the Gaussian Blur filter.

Step 4: Change The Blend Mode Of The Infrared Layer To "Screen"

Now that we've applied the Gaussian Blur filter to the Green channel, switch back to the Layers palette and, with the "infrared" layer still selected, change the blend mode of the layer from Normal to Screen. To do that, go up to the top of the Layers palette and click on the down-pointing arrow directly to the right of the word "Normal", which brings up a list of available layer blend modes. Click on "Screen" to select it:
Selecting the Screen blend mode in Photoshop's Layers palette
Change the blend mode of the "infrared" layer from "Normal" to "Screen".
Here's my image after changing the "infrared" layer blend mode to "Screen":
The image after changing the layer blend mode to Screen
The image after changing the blend mode of the "infrared" layer to "Screen".
Already at this stage, the image is looking pretty cool, but we're not quite done yet. We're going to be using a Channel Mixer adjustment layer next.

Step 5: Add A Channel Mixer Adjustment Layer

We need to bring up a Channel Mixer adjustment layer at this point, and we can do that by clicking on the New Adjustment Layer icon at the bottom of the Layers palette and selecting Channel Mixer from the list:
Selecting Channel Mixer from the list of adjustment layers
Click the "New Adjustment Layer" icon at the bottom of the Layers palette and select "Channel Mixer".
This brings up the Channel Mixer dialog box:
The Channel Mixer adjustment layer's dialog box.
The Channel Mixer adjustment layer's dialog box.
I've circled in red the options we need to change. In the "Source Channels" section, set Red to -50%, Green to 200%, and Blue to the same as red, -50%. The general rule with these values in the Channel Mixer is that you want to keep the total value of all three channels at 100%, otherwise you'll either be losing contrast in the image or losing detail in the highlights, which is why, in order to set the Green value to 200%, we lowered both the Red and Blue values to -50%, giving us our 100%. Again, not something you need to know. I just like to toss these things out there.
Finally, click the Monochrome checkbox in the bottom left corner of the dialog box to keep the image in grayscale mode. Click OK when you're done.
Here's my image with the Channel Mixer adjustment layer applied:
Saya telah dilingkari merah pilihan kita perlu berubah. Pada bagian "Saluran Source", mengatur Red -50%, Green sampai 200%, dan Biru sama dengan merah, -50%. Aturan umum dengan nilai-nilai di Mixer Channel adalah bahwa Anda ingin menyimpan nilai total dari ketiga saluran pada 100%, jika tidak, anda baik akan kehilangan kontras dalam gambar atau kehilangan detail di highlight, itulah sebabnya, dalam memesan untuk mengatur nilai Hijau untuk 200%, kami menurunkan kedua nilai warna Merah dan Biru untuk -50%, memberikan kita 100% kami. Sekali lagi, bukan sesuatu yang perlu Anda ketahui. Aku hanya ingin membuang hal-hal di luar sana.

Terakhir, klik kotak centang Monokrom di sudut kiri bawah kotak dialog untuk menjaga image dalam grayscale mode. Klik OK setelah selesai.

Berikut adalah gambar saya dengan lapisan Channel Mixer penyesuaian diterapkan:
The image with the Channel Mixer applied.
The image after applying the Channel Mixer.

Step 6: Lower The Opacity Of The "Infrared" Layer

At this point, the infrared effect is too intense. Let's reduce it by lowering the opacity of the "infrared" layer. First, click on the "infrared" layer in the Layers palette to select it, then go up to the Opacity option in the top right corner of the Layers palette, hover your mouse directly over the word "Opacity" to turn your mouse cursor into the "scrubby slider" icon, then click and drag to the left to lower the opacity value:
Lower the Opacity value of the infrared layer to reduce the effect
Lower the opacity value of the "infrared" layer to reduce the effect.
You'll probably have to reduce the opacity quite a bit. I've reduced mine to 35% in the screenshot above.
Here's my result:
The image after lowering the opacity value of the infrared layer
The image after reducing the infrared effect.
The effect is pretty much complete at this point, but it's too clean. Infrared photos typically have a lot of grain in them, so to finish off the effect, we're going to add some noise.

Step 7: Add A New Layer Above The Channel Mixer Adjustment Layer

Click on the Channel Mixer adjustment layer in the Layers palette to select it, then use the keyboard shortcut Shift+Ctrl+N (Win) / Shift+Command+N (Mac) to bring up Photoshop's New Layer dialog box:
Photoshop's New Layer dialog box
Use the keyboard shortcut to bring up the New Layer dialog box.
Name the new layer "grain" as I've done in the screenshot above, and then click OK. Photoshop will add a new blank layer named "grain" above the Channel Mixer in the Layers palette:
The new 'grain' layer added in the Layers palette.
The Layers palette showing the new "grain" layer at the top.

Step 8: Fill The "Grain" Layer With White

Press the letter D on your keyboard to reset Photoshop's foreground and background colors to their defaults of black and white, respectively. Then, with the "grain" layer selected in the Layers palette, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Backspace (Win) / Command+Delete (Mac) to quickly fill this layer with solid white. The image in the document window will temporarily be hidden from view:
The image is now filled with white
Filling the "grain" layer with white temporarily hides the image from view.

Step 9: Add Noise To This Layer

With the "grain" layer still selected, go up to the Filter menu at the top of the screen, select Noise, and then select Add Noise to bring up the "Add Noise" filter dialog box:
The Add Noise filter dialog box
Select Filter > Noise > Add Noise to bring up the "Add Noise" filter's dialog box.
As circled in red above, set the Amount to 20%, set Distribution to Uniform, and make sure Monochromatic at the bottom is checked.
This adds our grain to the image, but problem is, we still can't see the image below the grain. We'll fix that next:
Noise added to the image
The solid white layer is now filled with noise to create the "grain" effect, but it's still blocking the image below from view.

Step 10: Change The Blend Mode Of The "Grain" Layer To "Multiply"

Just as we did for the "infrared" layer, we're going to change the blend mode of this "grain" layer, except this time, instead of changing it to "Screen", we're going to change it to "Multiply". With the "grain" layer selected, go back up to the blend mode options at the top of the Layers palette and this time choose Multiply from the list:
Changing the grain layer's blend mode to Multiply
Change the "grain" layer's blend mode from "Normal" to "Multiply"
As soon as we change the blend mode to Multiply, the image becomes visible once again through the grain, giving us our final effect:
The final effect.
Setting the blend mode of the "grain" layer to "Multiply" gives us our final infrared effect.
If you find you've added too much grain to the image, simply lower the opacity of the grain layer to reduce the amount.
There's one more thing we could do here with our image, and that's to bring back some of the original color. You can of course leave it as is if you want, but if you want to bring back some color, here's how.

Step 11: Duplicate The Background Layer Once Again

Click on the Background layer in the Layers palette to select it, then once again use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac) to duplicate it. Since you should always be in the habit of naming your layers, I'll rename this layer to "colorize":
Renaming the layer to colorize.
With the Background layer selected, press "Ctrl+J" (Win) / "Command+J" (Mac) to duplicate the Background layer once again, then rename it to "colorize".

Step 12: Drag The "Colorize" Layer Up Between The Channel Mixer and Grain Layers

Next, click on the "colorize" layer and drag it up between the Channel Mixer adjustment layer and the "grain" layer. You'll see the line dividing the two layers highlight as you get close to it. Release your mouse at that point to drop the layer into place:
The colorize layer now moved in the Layers palette
Click and drag the "colorize" layer between the Channel Mixer adjustment layer and the "grain" layer.

Step 13: Change The Blend Mode To "Overlay" And Lower The Opacity To 50%

Finally, change the blend mode of the "colorize" layer from Normal to Overlay and then lower the opacity of the layer to 50%:
Changing the blend mode and opacity.
Set the "colorize" layer's blend mode to "Overlay" and lower the opacity to 50%.
And we're done! We've brought some of the original color back into the effect.
Here's the image as it was back before we started:
The original image.
The original image once again for comparison.
And here's the final result:
The final result.
The final result.

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